I created a sample notebook for fetching Google Spreadsheet data from Google Colab.
You can try it from the following link.
https://colab.research.google.com/github/nakamura196/ndl_ocr/blob/main/Google_ColabからGoogle_Spreadsheetのデータを取得するサンプル.ipynb
As shown below, you can retrieve the contents of a Google Spreadsheet.

Below is the source code.
I hope this serves as a useful reference.