Overview# To verify that IIIF manifests are written in JSON-LD, I tried converting them to other formats, so this is a memo of that process.
We hope this serves as a useful reference for understanding the relationship between RDF and file formats such as JSON-LD and Turtle, as well as their relationship with IIIF manifest files described in JSON-LD.
Target# For this exercise, we will use the following manifest file published on the NDL Digital Collection.
https://dl.ndl.go.jp/api/iiif/3437686/manifest.json
Conversion# We use the EASY RDF Converter.
https://www.easyrdf.org/converter
As shown below, specify the IIIF manifest file URL, select JSON-LD as the Input Format, and Turtle as the Output Format.
The result was converted as follows.
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@context in IIIF Manifests# JSON-LD files typically have an @context property. In the case of the IIIF manifest file being examined, it is described as follows.
{ " " " " " " } @ @ @ l m l c t i a e i o y d b t c n p " e a e t e : l d n e " " a s x : " : t e t h a " " " t " " : : s t 校 : c p 異 " " : s 源 [ h h M : 氏 ] t t a / 物 , t t n / 語 p p i d . s : f l : / e . 巻 / / s n 一 / i t d " d i " l , l i , . . f g n . o d i . l o j . / p g a / o p a . i p j / i p p / / r i j e i a s i / e f i n / i t 3 i a 4 f t 3 _ i 7 l o 6 i n 8 c / 6 e 2 / n / m s c a e o n . n i h t f t e e m x s l t t " . . , j j s s o o n n " " , ,
Let’s examine the contents of the URL specified in the @context property.
http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json
The following JSON is displayed, where for example, the license property has @type as @id and @id as dcterms:rights.
{ } " @ c o n { t e x t " " " " } " s d a l , : c c s i " t " c [ : e : e " " r n @ @ " m " s t i h s h e y d t " t " p " t : t : e : p p " : " : { : " / h / d / t / " c i t w @ t i p w i e i : w d r f / . " m . / w , s i p 3 : o u . r / r o i a l r g p . g h i o / t / r n s p g s " r / / e d a s c c e / t n t i t e v a r i t m t i s y o / s n " t / , r 2 e # a " m , s # " ,
This means that the description "license": "https://dl.ndl.go.jp/ja/iiif_license.html" in the IIIF manifest file indicates that the property is dcterms:rights, and the value https://dl.ndl.go.jp/ja/iiif_license.html should be treated as a resource.
Looking at the earlier Turtle output, we can confirm that it was converted accordingly.
@ < p h r t a n d e t s c f p < 0 : i s h : r x : t a i / t t g d / p t h c d : r t : l i s . / b < n i u < h d i t h t l i i t t . f o t p g . n p : o i L s / . o a : / j / b / p p a e / u / p l d r a i l l p / " . . i p 国 n o / r 立 d r i e 国 l g i s 会 . / i e 図 g d f n 書 o c / t 館 . / 3 a j t 4 t N p e 3 i a / r 7 o t j m 6 n i a s 8 / o / / 6 2 n i > / # a i m M l i a a f n n D _ i i i l f f e i e e t c s s e t t L n . > i s j b e s ; r . o a h n r t > y m , l > J A ; P A N " ^ ^ x s d : s t r i n g ; Note that the prefix dc in the output refers to http://purl.org/dc/terms/, which matches the definition in the IIIF manifest’s @context. This confirms that the conversion to Turtle format was performed correctly.
Summary# We hope this serves as a useful reference for understanding the relationship between RDF and file formats such as JSON-LD and Turtle, as well as their relationship with IIIF manifest files described in JSON-LD.
