When using Drupal’s JSON API, I tried to retrieve field_name from a field ID using a query like the following, but got zero results.
https://xxx/jsonapi/field_config/field_config?fields[field_config–field_config]=label%2Cfield_name&filter[name-filter][condition][path]=field_name&filter[name-filter][condition][operator]=IN&filter[name-filter][condition][value][1]=field_xxx1&filter[name-filter][condition][value][2]=field_xxx2&filter[name-filter][condition][value][3]=field_xxx3&filter[bundle]=yyy
The meta field in the returned result indicated a permissions issue.
By changing the permissions for Content: Administer fields under Field UI as shown in the figure below, the permissions issue was resolved.

However, please note the following warning and use with caution.
Warning: Give to trusted roles only; this permission has security implications.